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# Solved Examples(Set 1) - Compound Interest

 1. What is the difference between the compound interests on $₹5000$ for $1\dfrac{1}{2}$ years at $4\%$ per annum compounded yearly and half-yearly? A. $₹2.04$ B. $₹3.06$ C. $₹8.30$ D. $₹4.80$

Explanation:

## Solution 1

Interest for first $6$ months in both cases, is $\dfrac{1}{2}(4\%\text{ of }5000)=100.$

In the next $6$ months, $\dfrac{1}{2}(4\%\text{ of }100)=2$ will be extra interest in half-year compounding.

In the next $6$ months, $\dfrac{1}{2}(4\%\text{ of }2)=0.04$ will be extra interest for half-year compounding.

Therefore, required difference $=2+0.4=2.04$

## Solution 2

When interest is compounded yearly,
interest for first year $=4\%(5000)=200$
interest for next $6$ months $=\dfrac{200}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}[4\%(200)]=104$
compound interest $=200+104=304$

$2\%(5000)=100\\2\%(100)=2\\2\%(2)=0.04$
When interest is compounded half-yearly,
compound interest for $1\dfrac{1}{2}$ years
$=3(100+2)+0.04=306.4$
(formula)

Required difference $=306.4-304=2.04$

## Solution 3

When interest is compounded yearly,
interest for first year $=4\%(5000)=200$
interest for next $6$ months $=\dfrac{200}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}[4\%(200)]=104$
compound interest $=200+104=304$

When interest is compounded half-yearly,
amount after $1\dfrac{1}{2}$ years $=5000\left(1+\dfrac{4/2}{100}\right)^{2×\frac{3}{2}}=5000\left(\dfrac{51}{50}\right)^3=5306.04$
compound interest $=5306.04-5000=306.4$

Required difference $=306.4-304=2.04$

## Solution 4

When interest is compounded yearly,
interest for first year $=\dfrac{5000×4×1}{100}=200$
amount after first year $=5000+200=5200$
interest for next $6$ months $=\dfrac{5200×4×\dfrac{1}{2}}{100}=104$
compound interest $=200+104=304$

When interest is compounded half-yearly,
interest for $6$ months $=\dfrac{5000×4×\dfrac{1}{2}}{100}=100$
amount after $6$ months $=5000+100=5100$
interest for next $6$ months $=\dfrac{5100×4×\dfrac{1}{2}}{100}=102$
amount after $1$ year $=5100+102=5202$
interest for next $6$ months $=\dfrac{5202×4×\dfrac{1}{2}}{100}=104.04$
compound interest $=100+102+104.04=306.04$

Required difference $=306.4-304=2.04$

 2. A bank offers $5\%$ compound interest calculated on half-yearly basis. A customer deposits $₹1600$ each on $1\text{st}$ January and $1\text{st}$ July of a year. At the end of the year, the amount he would have gained by way of interest is: A. $₹121$ B. $₹120$ C. $₹123$ D. $₹122$

Explanation:

## Solution 1

$\dfrac{5}{2}\%(1600)=40\\\dfrac{5}{2}\%(40)=1$

Compound interest on $1600$ deposited on $1$st January
$=2×40+1=81$
(formula)

Compound interest on $1600$ deposited on $1$st July
$=\dfrac{1}{2}(5\%\text{ of }1600)=40$

Required gain $=81+40=121$

## Solution 2

Case $1:$ $₹1600$ deposited on $1\text{st}$ Jan
Interest for $6$ months $=\dfrac{1}{2}[5\%(1600)]=40$
Interest for next $6$ months $=40+\dfrac{1}{2}[5\%(40)]=41$
Total interest $=40+41=81$

Case $2:$ $₹1600$ deposited on $1\text{st}$ Jul
Total interest $=\dfrac{1}{2}[5\%(1600)]=40$

Required gain $=81+40=121$

## Solution 3

Amount after $1$ year on $₹1600$ (deposited on $1\text{st}$ Jan)
$=1600\left(1+\dfrac{5/2}{100}\right)^{2×1}=1600\left(\dfrac{41}{40}\right)^2=1681$
Compound interest $=1681-1600=81$

Amount after $\dfrac{1}{2}$ year on $₹1600 ($deposited on $1\text{st}$ Jul)
$=1600\left(1+\dfrac{5/2}{100}\right)^{2×\frac{1}{2}}=1600\left(\dfrac{41}{40}\right)=1640$
Compound interest $=1640-1600=40$

Required gain $=81+40=121$

 3. There is $80\%$ increase in an amount in $8$ years at simple interest. What will be the compound interest of $₹14,000$ after $3$ years at the same rate? A. $₹3714$ B. $₹3794$ C. $₹4612$ D. $₹4634$

Explanation:

## Solution 1

$80\%$ increase in $8$ years at simple interest. That is, $10\%$ each year. Therefore, rate of interest is $10\%.$

$10\%(14000)=1400\\10\%(1400)=140\\10\%(140)=14$

Required compound interest
$=3(1400+140)+14=4634$
(formula)

## Solution 2

If principal is $100,$ simple interest for $8$ years $=80$ (because, $80\%$ increase is there due to the simple interest). Therefore,

$\text{R}=\dfrac{100×80}{100×8}=10$

Now let's find out the compound interest on $₹14,000$ for $3$ years at $10\%$

Amount after $3$ years
$=14000\left(1+\dfrac{10}{100}\right)^3\\=14000\left(\dfrac{110}{100}\right)^3=18634$

Compound interest $=18634-14000=4634$

 4. The compound interest on $₹30,000$ at $7\%$ per annum is $₹4347.$ The period (in years) is: A. $2$ B. $3$ C. $1$ D. $3.5$

Explanation:

## Solution 1

Let the period be $n$ years

Amount after $n$ years $=30000+4347=34347$

$30000\left(1+\dfrac{7}{100}\right)^\text{n}=34347\\\Rightarrow 30000\left(\dfrac{107}{100}\right)^\text{n}=34347\\\Rightarrow \left(\dfrac{107}{100}\right)^\text{n}=\dfrac{34347}{30000}= \dfrac{11449}{10000}=\left(\dfrac{107}{100}\right)^2\\\Rightarrow n=2$

## Solution 2

Interest for first year $=7\%(30000)=2100$

$2100×2$ is close to $4347$ and therefore total years will be near to $2$

Interest for second year $=2100+7\%(2100)=2247$

$2100+2247=4347$
Therefore, required period is $2$ years.

 5. The difference between simple and compound interest(compounded annually) on a certain sum of money for $2$ years at $4\%$ per annum is $₹1.$ What is the sum? A. $₹600$ B. $₹645$ C. $₹525$ D. $₹625$

Explanation:

## Solution 1

Refer formula

$\text{P}\left(\dfrac{4}{100}\right)^2=1\\\Rightarrow \text{P}\left(\dfrac{1}{25}\right)^2=1\\\Rightarrow \dfrac{\text{P}}{25^2}=1\\\Rightarrow \text{P}=625$

## Solution 2

Let the sum be $x$

Amount after $2$ years (when interest is compounded annually)
$=x\left(1+\dfrac{4}{100}\right)^2=x\left(\dfrac{26}{25}\right)^2$

Compound interest
$=x\left(\dfrac{26}{25}\right)^2-x=x\left[\dfrac{676}{625}-1\right]=\dfrac{51x}{625}$

Simple interest $=\dfrac{x×4×2}{100}=\dfrac{2x}{25}$

Difference between compound interest and simple interest is $1.$ Therefore,
$\Rightarrow \dfrac{51x}{625}-\dfrac{2x}{25}=1\\\Rightarrow \dfrac{51x-50x}{625}=1\\\Rightarrow x=625$

## Solution 3

Let the sum be $x$

Compound interest
$=2[4\%(x)]+4\%[4\%(x)]$
(formula)

Simple interest $=2[4\%(x)]$

$2[4\%(x)]+4\%[4\%(x)]-2[4\%(x)]=1\\\Rightarrow 4\%[4\%(x)]=1\\\Rightarrow 4\%(x)=25\\\Rightarrow x=625$

aashish gupta
2015-03-27 06:26:58
sir , can we have sample question of other sections - logical reasoning , dATA INTERPRETATION .
sree jothi
2015-03-24 10:41:47
the difference between the S.I and C.I compounded every six months at rate of 30% per annum, at the end of 1 1/2 years of rs.5670.what is the sum?(rs.40,000 , Rs.60,000, Rs.64,000, Rs.72,000,Rs.80,000)
Dev
2015-04-05 19:08:42
Time = 1 1/2 year = 3/2 year
R = 30
Let P is the amount

Simple Interest = PRT/100 = P * 30 * (3/2) /100= 9P/20

Compound Interest = P[1 + (R/2)/100]2n - P
= P[1 + (30/2)/100](2*3/2) - P
= P(1.15)3 - P
= P[(1.15)3-1]

P[(1.15)3-1] - 9P/20 = 5670
P[(1.15)3-1- 9/20] = 5670
P = 80000
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